I disagree.
Let's map your situation onto a current one. Living in the big city versus living in a rural area. Both are under onerous regulation, but the rural area is less so. Why don't people flock to the country? Same reason immigration to North America didn't relieve population pressures in Europe. The majority are stuck, a few "lucky" individuals can face hardship, and possibly death, on a chance of a better life, (or a life at all in some cases.)
In this case, it's not the speed limit that keeps people from moving out of cities, but rather economic necessity. That's where the jobs are. Still, people are stuck in, or much to near, areas they'd rather not live.
Now, on the other hand, ubiquitous long distance teleportation is akin to new competition in a "socially necessary" industry.
When Ma Bell was fractured, (a government act, but it was government that set them up as a monopoly in the first place, if I remember my history right,) the sudden competition drove phone service prices down. Teleportation would allow the job consumer, that is the worker, freedom of selection of living arrangements without giving up their career. It also makes enforcement of regulation much harder. Ma Bell didn't like modems. Ma Bell didn't like other things tied to the phone system, even a rubber cup to make using the handset easier. The cable companies considered mutiple televisions on a line theft. Now, with competition, AT&T wireless is perfectly willing to let you link your unlocked cell phone to their service, and Time-Warner is glad to tout that you can connect as many televisions as you want to a cable line, as opposed to a mini-dish system, which needs a separate circuit for each set, if not a whole separate box.
Suddenly not being able to restrict peoples home-life, (they all moved to Mars and are commuting to NYC,) the government would be compelled to either disenfranchise and outlaw them, or loosen the restrictions to entice them to move back to earth. If the ones that move away include a large percentage of critical skills, they won't be inclined to ban their return or employment.
I do agree, though, that if you have teleportation technology, you need some way of blocking teleportation in small volumes. However, ideally that method would be quite feasible for a single family, but cost prohibitive for governments to manage on a large scale. Barring that, you need some way of masking your location from other teleporters or location-finding technologies, and use your own to fetch guests. If they can't record their position, they can't visit uninvited. A hidden retreat can be as good as a citidel, in this case.
Quite frankly, I think houses with smallish rooms and lots of mobile furniture would be popular. Do you teleport in, or did they move the dining room table again?